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Diabetic Foot Ulcer Management

Enrolled on:

CE1017 | Contact Hours: 2

COURSE OBJECTIVES

The purpose of this course is to educate health care professional about diabetic foot ulcer management. After completing this course, you will be able to:

1. Identify a diabetic foot ulcer.
2. Determine best practices for the evaluation of a foot ulcer.
3. Classify a diabetic foot ulcer.
4. Identify the roles of nurses in diabetic foot ulcer management.
5. List different treatment options for diabetic foot ulcers.

RELEASE DATE

07/05/2022

EXPIRATION DATE

07/05/2024

AUTHOR

Rachel Botkin, PT, MPT

CRITERIA FOR SUCCESSFUL COMPLETION

All learners must complete the entire activity and complete the evaluation to receive contact hours.

APPROVAL STATEMENT (ACCREDITATION INFORMATION)

This nursing continuing professional development activity was approved by the Ohio Nurses Association, an accredited approver by the American Nurses Credentialing Center’s Commission on Accreditation. (OBN-001-91).

In addition to states that accept American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) courses, CE Leaders is an approved provider by the Florida Board of Nursing, and a registered provider with the Arkansas State Board of Nursing, District of Columbia Board of Nursing, Georgia Board of Nursing, Kentucky Board of Nursing, New Mexico Board of Nursing, South Carolina Board of Nursing and West Virginia Board of Registered Nurses (Provider # 50-33450).

RELEVANT FINANCIAL RELATIONSHIP

No one with the ability to control content of this activity has a relevant financial relationship with an ineligible company.

INTRODUCTION

Diabetes is a chronic (long-lasting) health condition that affects how the body turns food into energy. Most of the food eaten is broken down into sugar and released into the bloodstream. When a person’s blood sugar rises, the pancreas releases insulin which acts like a key to let the blood sugar into cells to be used as energy. In people with diabetes, the body does not make enough insulin or it cannot use insulin as well as it should. When this happens, too much blood sugar remains in the bloodstream which can cause serious health problems like heart disease, vision loss and kidney disease (1).

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 37.3 million or 11.3% of people in the US have diabetes. There are also over 120 million people with prediabetes which includes 96 million people aged 18 years or older and 26.4 million people aged 65 years or older (2). Prediabetes is a health condition where the blood sugar is high but not high enough to be diagnosed as type 2 diabetes (1).

REFERENCES

1. CDC. (2022, March 2). What is diabetes? Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/diabetes.html. Last accessed on May 17, 2022.

2. National Diabetes Statistics Report. (2022, January 20). Cdc.Gov. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/data/statistics-report/index.html. Last accessed on May 17, 2022.

3. CDC. (2022c, March 15). What is type 1 diabetes? Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/what-is-type-1-diabetes.html. Last accessed on May 19, 2022.

4. CDC. (2022b, March 2). Type 2 diabetes. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/type2.html. Last accessed on May 19, 2022.

5. CDC. (2022a, March 2). Gestational diabetes. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/gestational.html. Last accessed on May 19, 2022.

6. CDC. (2022e, March 9). Prevent diabetes complications. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/managing/problems.html. Last accessed on May 19, 2022.

7. Oliver, T. I., & Mutluoglu, M. (2022). Diabetic Foot Ulcer. StatPearls Publishing. Available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537328/. Last accessed on May 19, 2022.

8. Aumiller, W. D., & Dollahite, H. A. (2015). Pathogenesis and management of diabetic foot ulcers. JAAPA : Official Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants, 28(5), 28–34. Available at https://doi.org/10.1097/01.JAA.0000464276.44117.b1. Last accessed on May 19, 2022.

9. Frykberg, R. G. (2002). Diabetic foot ulcers: pathogenesis and management. American Family Physician, 66(9), 1655–1662. Available at https://www.aafp.org/afp/2002/1101/p1655.html. Last accessed on May 21, 2022.

10. Diabetic foot ulcers - classification systems. (n.d.). Woundreference.Com. Available at https://woundreference.com/app/topic?id=diabetic-foot-ulcers-classification-systems_x. Last accessed on May 21, 2022.

11. Watson, S. (2017, August 22). Hyperemia. Healthline. Available at https://www.healthline.com/health/hyperemia. Last accessed on May 21, 2022.

12. Charcot arthropathy (neuroarthropathy). (n.d.). Footcaremd.Org. Available at https://www.footcaremd.org/conditions-treatments/the-diabetic-foot/charcot-arthropathy. Last accessed on May 21, 2022.

13. Aalaa, M., Malazy, O. T., Sanjari, M., Peimani, M., & Mohajeri-Tehrani, M. R. (2012). Nurses’ role in diabetic foot prevention and care; a review. Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, 11(1), 24. Available at https://doi.org/10.1186/2251-6581-11-24. Last accessed on May 21, 2022.

14. Peripheral neuropathy fact sheet. (n.d.). Nih.Gov. Available at https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/patient-caregiver-education/fact-sheets/peripheral-neuropathy-fact-sheet. Last accessed on May 21, 2022.

15. Sontheimer, D. L. (2006). Peripheral vascular disease: diagnosis and treatment. American Family Physician, 73(11), 1971–1976. Available at https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0601/p1971.html. Last accessed on May 21, 2022.

16. Felman, A. (2020, March 30). Infection: Types, causes, and differences. Medicalnewstoday.Com. Available at https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/196271. Last accessed on May 21, 2022.

17. Eastman, D. M., & Dreyer, M. A. (2022). Neuropathic Ulcer. StatPearls Publishing. Available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559214/. Last accessed on May 24, 2022.

18. Arterial ulcers. (2012, December 22). WoundSource. Available at https://www.woundsource.com/patientcondition/arterial-ulcers. Last accessed on May 24, 2022.

19. Edmonds, M. E., & Foster, A. V. M. (2006). Diabetic foot ulcers. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.), 332(7538), 407–410. Available at https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.332.7538.407. Last accessed on May 24, 2022.

20. Osteomyelitis - NORD (national organization for rare disorders). (2015, February 11). NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders). Available at https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/osteomyelitis/. Last accessed on May 24, 2022.

21. Insulin Resistance. (n.d.). Cleveland Clinic. Available at https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22206-insulin-resistance. Last accessed on May 24, 2022.

22. Diabetic neuropathic foot ulcers. (2013, January 21). WoundSource. Available at https://www.woundsource.com/patientcondition/diabetic-neuropathic-foot-ulcers. Last accessed on June 5, 2022.

23. Mayfield-Hyperarts, R. (n.d.). Debridement. Ucsf.Edu. Available at https://surgery.ucsf.edu/conditions--procedures/debridement.aspx. Last accessed on June 6, 2022.

24. What is revascularization? (n.d.). WebMD. Available at https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/what-is-revascularization. Last accessed on June 7, 2022.

25. Preventing diabetic foot infections. (2013). American Family Physician, 88(3), Online. Available at https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2013/0801/p177-s1.html. Last accessed on June 8, 2022.

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